2016年湖北成人高考专升本英语模拟真题和答案(10)

【摘要】2016年湖北成人高考专升本英语模拟真题和答案(10) Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them th...

2016年湖北成人高考专升本英语模拟真题和答案(10)

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
　　Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　Passage 1
　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
　　What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself.” In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debt and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this rally a lie?
　　Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying.(76)According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intension of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.
　　Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressures make it itch.
　　Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Manwatching calls “the mouth cover”.(77)He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.
　　Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.
　　1. According to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie
　　A. that other people believe
　　B. that other people don’t believe
　　C. told in order to avoid offending someone
　　D. told in order to take advantage of someone
　　2. Research suggests that women
　　A. are better at telling less serious lies than men are
　　B. generally lie far more than men do
　　C. lie at parties more often than men do
　　D. often make promises they intend to break
　　3. Researchers find that when a person tells lies
　　A. his blood pressure increases measurably
　　B. he looks very serious
　　C. he tends to make some small changes in his behavior
　　D. he uses his unconscious mind
　　4. One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that
　　A. they wish they were somewhere else
　　B. the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying
　　C. they want to cover their mouths
　　D. they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies
　　5. The tone of this passage tells us that the writer
　　A. hates to lie
　　B. enjoys lying
　　C. often tells a lie
　　D. tries to analyze lying
　　Passage 2
　　Question 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
　　(78) Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught—to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what his word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
　　If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
　　6. According to the passage, which of the following is the best way for children to learn things?
　　A. Listening to skilled people’s advice.
　　B. Asking older people many questions.
　　C. Making mistakes and having them corrected.
　　D. Doing what other people do.
　　7. The writer think teachers should NOT .
　　A. give children correct answers B. allow children to make mistakes
　　C. point out children’s mistakes to them D. let children mark their own work
　　8. According to the writer, teachers in school should .
　　A. allow children to learn from each other
　　B. point out children’s mistakes whenever found
　　C. correct children’s mistakes as soon as possible
　　D. give children more book knowledge
　　9. According to the passage, learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are .
　　A. different from learning other skills B. the same as learning other skills
　　C. more important than other skills D. not really important skills
　　10. The title of this passage could probably be .
　　A. Let Us Teachers Stop Work
　　B. Let Us Make Children Learn
　　C. Let Children Correct Their Exercises
　　D. Let Children Learn By Themselves
　　Passage 3
　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
　　(79) John had bought a packet of cigarettes just before we caught the train and he offered me one as we settled ourselves in our compartment. We were on our way back from a camping holiday；we had lived rough for over a fortnight and even a cigarette was a luxury at that moment.
　　I felt in my pocket for a box of matches, but could not find any.
　　“I haven’t got any either,” said John.
　　Sitting opposite to us was a man whose face was hidden by a newspaper.
　　“Excuse me, sir,” said John, leaning across. “Could you give me a light, please?”
　　The newspaper was lowered to reveal a rather elderly man with a stern face.
　　“This is a no smoking compartment,” the man said. He indicated the notice near the window. We apologized and put away our unlit cigarettes.
　　(80) The man went on, in a rather more kindly way, to warn us against the dangers of smoking.
　　“I speak as a doctor,” he concluded, and after that he went back to reading his newspaper.
　　When he got out a few stations later, he left his newspaper behind him. We picked it up, eager to find out what had happened while we were on holiday.
　　“Just look at this,” remarked John, pointing to a photograph. “it’s the man who was sitting opposite us.” Underneath the photograph was an account of a lunatic (精神病者) who had recently escaped. It appeared that he liked to pretend to be a doctor.
　　11.The friends had spent their holiday ______.
　　A. on a boat B. in a tent C. on a farm D. with an aunt
　　12. Their holiday had lasted ______.
　　A. more than two weeks B. just two weeks
　　C. less than two weeks D. a week or two
　　13. The man ______.
　　A. threw his newspaper away
　　B. offered them his newspaper
　　C. dropped his newspaper
　　D. did not take his newspaper with him
　　14. The two friends read the newspaper ______.
　　A. in a hurry B. with great interest
　　C. to pass the time D. to look at the pictures
　　15. The man’s photograph was in the newspaper because he was ______.
　　A. a doctor B. a spaceman C. a madman D. an actor
　　Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
　　Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　16. ______ the fact that the area had been hit by the severest drought in twenty years, a fairly good harvest was gathered in.
　　A. In spite B. Despite
　　C. In spite that D. Despite of
　　17. I objected ______ the meeting without him.
　　A. to have B. to having C. having D. have
　　18. There was no sense ______ him to come early since everything was ready.
　　A. to ask B. to have asked
　　C. in asking D. being asking
　　19. ______ her inexperience, she has done quite a good job.
　　A. Provided B. Given C. Seen D. Suppose
　　20. The movie star ______ with your sister, didn’t he?
　　A. was used to dance B. used to dancing
　　C. used to dance D. was used to dancing
　　21. Every means ______ since then.
　　A. has been trying B. have been trying
　　C. have been tried D. has been tried
　　22. “I’d like to buy an expensive camera.”
　　“Well, we have several models for you ______ .”
　　A. to be chosen from B. of choice
　　C. to choose from D. for choosing
　　23. The picture reminds me ______ the time we spent together in New York.
　　A. of B. in C. for D. to
　　24. I owe you some money. Let me pay you ______ now.
　　A. back B. for C. in D. to
　　25. Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt ______ lonely.
　　A. nothing but B. anything but C. all but D. everything but
　　26.______ , the new electronic device they designed is now in regular operation.
　　A. With the solved problem B. With this problem being solved
　　C. With the problem solved D. With this problem to solve
　　27. We are looking forward to ______ to the lecture by the famous professor.
　　A. send B. be sent C. being sent D. sending
　　28. I suddenly realized that he was trying to ______ quarrelling with me.
　　A. consider B. enjoy C. avoid D. prevent
　　29. It was not a serious accident; our car needs only some ______ repairs.
　　A. major B. secondary C. minor D. primary
　　30. We’ve ______ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.
　　A. run away with B. run down C. run off D. run out of
　　31. It is necessary that an efficient worker ______ his work on time.
　　A. accomplishes B. can accomplish
　　C. accomplish D. has accomplished
　　32. Mother insisted that ______ .
　　A. they are to be back before nine in the evening
　　B. they ought to be back before nine in the evening
　　C. they be back before nine in the evening
　　D. they had to be back before nine in the evening
　　33.______ can be judged from her eyes, she has no personal hostility to us.
　　A. It B. As C. Which D. That
　　34. The politician urged that all citizens______ to the polls on election day.
　　A. had gone B. went C. must go D. go
　　35. No one doubts ______ he is the best leader in the company.
　　A. whether B. if C. what D. that
　　36. Frankly speaking, I’d rather ______ you anything about it for the time being.
　　A. didn’t do B. haven’t C. didn’t D. have done
　　37. Henry looked ______ very much when he was caught cheating in the biology exam.
　　A. discouraged B. embarrassed
　　C. disappointed D. bewildered
　　38. The Anti-Japanese War ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years.
　　A. was broken out; lasted B. broke out; lasted
　　C. broke; remained D. had been broken out; kept
　　39. Hardly had he finished his speech ______ the audience started cheering.
　　A. then B. when C. than D. as
　　40. The child was ______ immediately after supper.
　　A. so tired that he went to bed B. enough tired to go to be
　　C. too tired to go to bed D. very tired, he went to bed
　　41. I did not choose any of the three ways, because I found ______ satisfactory.
　　A. neither of them B. either of them C. none of them D. none of it
　　42. How we ______ a chance to visit your great country!
　　A. looked for B. longed for C. waited for D. went for
　　43. Don’t ______ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.
　　A. reject B. prevent C. hesitate D. refuse
　　44. Children shouldn’t leave their toys on the floor. They should ______ .
　　A. put out them B. put off them C. put them away D. put them off
　　45. The traveler brought back some ______of the rocks from the mountains.
　　A. samples B. specimens C. selections D. examples
　　Part III Identification (10%)
　　Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　46. If you take a ten-or fifteen-minutes vacation into the realm of imagination each day,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　B　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C　　　　　　　
you may add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life.
　　　　　　　D 　　
　　47. Susan, together with her husband and two sons, are to arrive on the evening flight.
　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　　　　　B 　　　C 　　　　　D
　　48. Onlyin this way we can win the match.
　　　　　A 　　　B 　　　C 　　　D
　　49. Scientists and economists believe that human being can never use away all the mineral resources on Earth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　　　　B 　　　　　C 　　　　　D
　　50. When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I ought to get there earlier.
　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B 　　　　　　　　C 　　　　　　　D
　　51. Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one what can explain such phenomena.
　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　　　　　B 　　C 　　　　　　　　　　　D
　　52. I can’t help to think it would be fun to play such an exciting game with them.
　　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　B 　　　　C 　　　　　　　D
　　53. Riding on the swings (秋千) and playing with the ducks in the pond was our
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B 　　　　　
　　children’s greatest pleasure when we took them to the park.
　　　　　　C 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D
　　54. Paul suggested that they meet in the front of the school gate at one o’clock Friday afternoon.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　B 　　　　　　　　　　　　C 　　　　　　　　　D
　　55. Smith sold most of his belongings. He has hardly nothing left in the house.
　　　　　　　　　　　A 　　　　　　B 　　　　　　　　　　　C 　　　　D
　　Part Ⅳ Cloze (10%)
　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fit into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will not 56_ . They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return . A sensor will 57_ the presence of a human and turn the systems on , and when the humans 58_ it will turn them off again.
　　The sensors will work 59_ the central home computer , and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you . They will detect 60_ electrical appliances , plugs or switches , 61_ them so that they cannot harm anyone and then 62_ you that they need 63__ . They will detect fire and if you are out of the house , the computer will call the fire brigade . It will also call the police 64__ the sensors detect an intruder (闯入者) . This will not be too difficult 65__ the locks on the 66__ doors will be electronic . You will open them using your 67__ card —the one you use for 68__ —maybe using a number 69__ only to you .
　　The computer will be 70__ than a fireman-policeman servant . It will be an entertainer , and most of your 71__ will come 72__ into your home . It does now , 73__ by 2040”entertainment” will 74__ much more . For one thing , you will be able to take 75__ actively , rather than just watching …
　　56. A. matter B. function C. work D. mind
　　57. A. evaluate B. uncover C. detect D. expose
　　58. A. retire B. leave C. withdraw D. retreat
　　59. A. during B. in C.through D. between
　　60. A. displeasing B. unpleasant C. faulty D. mistaken
　　61. A. depart B. isolate C. divide D. break
　　62. A. warn B. tell C. persuade D. assure
　　63. A. mending B. reference C. separation D. repair
　　64. A. will B. should C. shall D. can
　　65. A. unless B. if C. when D. because
　　66. A. inside B. outside C. outstanding D. obvious
　　67. A. personal B. personnel C. particular D. general
　　68. A. hiring B. buying C. renewing D.shopping
　　69. A. realized B. adapted C. known D. informed
　　70. A. more B. much C. many D. fewer
　　71. A. achievements B. announcements C. improvement D. entertainment
　　72. A. only B. right C. correctly D. fast
　　73. A. but B. or C. other D. then
　　74. A. intend B. understand C. mean D. program
　　75. A. part B. place C. step D. action
　　Part Ⅴ Translation (20%)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this part, there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.
　　76. According to him, women are better liars than men.
　　77. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth.
　　78. Let children learn to judge their own work.
　　79. John had bought a packet of cigarettes just before we caught the train and he offered me one as we settled ourselves in our compartment. (passage 1)
　　80. The man weat on, in a rather more kindly way, to warn us against the dangers of smoking. (passage 1)
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this part, there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.
　　81. 大学生参加社会实践是很重要的。
　　82. 只要我们开动脑筋，一定会想出新点子。
　　83. 这个房间恰好同那个房间一样大。
　　84. 这就是第一次世界大战爆发的地方。
　　85. 我过去对发音注意得更多一些就好了。
答案详解
　　Passage 1
　　一文章总体结构分析
　　全篇围绕“谎言”这一主题展开叙述：第一段通过举例及疑问的方式探讨究竟什么才算是谎言；第二段介绍了南加州大学的Jerald Jellison教授做过一个关于说谎的科学研究的结论，即男人和女人说谎是不同的，而男人更可能说更严重的谎言；第三段则介绍了说谎时行为上的一些细微的改变；第四段主要讲述了说谎时“封嘴”这一具体行为；最后又补充说明以上举止并不能构成讲话者正在说谎的证据，而是一系列的东西，特别是说谎者所说的谎言本身。
　　二试题具体分析
　　1. 【答案】C 本题考查的是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于文章第一、二段。第一段中“you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this.”，第二段又用举例的方法解释了white lie的含义。这个例子就是“such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really think it looks awful.”
　　2. 【答案】A 本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章的第二段。该段比较了男人和女人说谎的不同，而且男人更可能说更严重的谎言。参见第二段中句子“Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies,……”这里的比较就是与前一句中女人撒谎相比。
　　3. 【答案】C 本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于第三段第一句：Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. 同样有研究侧重于当人们说谎时他们行为的一些细小的，明显的不重要的改变，很容易看出答案C与该句符合。
　　4. 【答案】B 本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于第三段最后一句：The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressures make it itch. 鼻尖对这样的变化非常敏感，血压的增加使得它发痒，即与B选项吻合。
　　5. 【答案】D 此题考查的是考生对整篇短文的观点的理解。文章首先讲到男人女人说谎的不同，而后又分析说谎时人们行为方式的变化等等，所以说文章是在分析说谎。其他选项错误。
　　三文章长难句分析与佳句赏析
　　1．In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debt and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. 实际上，你并不缺钱，但是你的这位朋友却有欠钱不还的习惯而你又不想通过提醒他这点而伤害他的感情。句子结构分析：you are not short of…but your friend is in the habit of…and you don’t want to…by…；short of…缺乏…；in the habit of…养成…习惯；pay one`s deb还…的债；remind sb of…提醒某人使想起…。
　　2．He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. 他说有几种动作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者一个手指支在嘴角。句子结构分析：He says there are several typical forms of this, such as…；cover…with…用…遮盖。
　　四、核心词汇
　　short of…缺乏…；in the habit of…养成…习惯；pay one`s deb还…的债；remind sb of…提醒某人使想起…；liar惯于说谎者；awful糟糕的；fulfill履行，实现，完成；sensitive敏感的，灵敏的；give…away出卖…；unconscious无意识的，不省人事；attempt尝试，努力，试图；rub擦，摩擦；context上下文；itch发痒；
　　五、全文翻译
　　谎言究竟是什么？是说一些我们知道不是真实的事情？还是甚于这些？例如，假设一个朋友向你借钱。你说“我希望能帮助你，但我现在自己也缺钱。”实际上，你并不缺钱，但是你的这位朋友却有欠钱不还的习惯而你又不想通过提醒他这点而伤害他的感情。这是一个真正的谎言吗？
　　南加州大学的Jerald Jellison教授做过一个关于说谎的科学研究。研究显示女人比男人更善于说谎，特别是说“善意的谎言”，例如在一个派对上一个女人称赞另一个女人的衣服而实际上她认为那衣服很难看。然而这只是故事的一方面。其他的研究者说男人更倾向于说一些较严重的谎言，例如承诺他们从来没想过要实现的承诺。政客和商人似乎特别擅长于此类谎言：说谎者可从谎言中获利或在某些方面得到好处。
　　同样有研究侧重于当人们说谎时他们行为的一些细小的，明显的不重要的改变。结果表明如果他们当时坐着，那么他们会更多的在椅子中移动。他们对受过训练的观察者承认“我希望我是在另一个地方”。他们也会更多的触摸脸部的某些部分，特别是鼻子。一个解释是因为说谎会使血压产生微小的变化。鼻尖对这样的变化非常敏感，血压的增加使得它发痒。
　　另一个将说谎者出卖的举动是在Desmond Morris的书《Manwatching》中提到的“封嘴”。他说有几种动作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者一个手指支在嘴角。这样的行为可以看作是一种阻止说谎者继续说谎的下意识举动。
　　当然，这些举止，例如摸鼻子或者掩盖嘴唇，或者在椅子中移动都不能作为讲话者正在说谎的证据。只是这些行为在这样的情况下更容易发生。不是一个举止就可以将说谎者出卖，而是一系列的东西，特别是说谎者所说的谎言本身。
　　Passage 2
　　一、文章总体结构分析
　　文章第一段主要围绕让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作而论述，通过列举事实讲述了要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而非总是来指导他们什么是正确的什么是不正确的；第二段主要谈论在学校老师们总是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己发现错误，自己改正。
　　二、试题具体分析
　　6.【答案】D。本题考查的是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段，其中列举了大量事实讲述要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而并非总是来指导他们什么是正确什么不是正确。与D项更好相符。
　　7.【答案】C。本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段后两句，根据其内容我们可以知道作者认为教师不能老是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己发现错误，自己改正。
　　8.【答案】A。本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段的内容。按照作者的意思，老师要允许孩子们彼此学习。
　　9.【答案】B。本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段第四行。
　　10.【答案】D。本题考查的是考生对全篇文章的理解，第一段和第二段都是讲要让孩子自己去学会技能，而不必总是老师来教一切。
　　三、文章长难句分析与佳句赏析
　　1. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what his word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. 让他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。
　　句子结构分析：Let him work out…what his word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not。with the help of…在句中作插入语成份。而work out后面跟的是三个并列成份。
　　2. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know. 让孩子们学习那些受过教育的人们有朝一日要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知道什么。
　　句子结构分析：Let the children learn what…，how to…，how to…。what…，how to…，how to…为句子的三个并列宾语从句。
　　四、核心词汇
　　Judge判断；Bit by bit逐渐地；whistle吹口哨；performance执行，行为；point out指出；work out解决；waste浪费；routine日常事务，例行公事；
　　五、全文翻译
　　让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作。一个孩子学说话并不是通过一直地被纠正而学会的：如果被纠正的太多的话，他会停止说话。他在一天中注意他所用的语言和周围的人们用的语言的不同有上千次。一点一点地，他为使他的语言像其他人的一样而作了必要的改变。同样地，孩子们学其他所有的事情，他们都是无师自通的——走路，跑，爬，吹口哨，骑自行车——将他们自己的行为和那些更熟练地人们进行比较，慢慢地做出必要的改变。但是，在学校里，我们并没有给一个孩子发现自己的错误并自己改正的机会。我们全都为他们做了。我们的做法好像是我们认为他是不会注意到错误的，除非为他指出来，或者是他是不会改正错误的，除非我们让他改正。让他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。
　　如果是一个正确答案的问题，像是数学或者是科学，给他们答案书。让他们自己更正自己的作业。为什么我们老师要浪费时间在如此程序化的事情上呢？我们的工作是在孩子说他找不到得到正确答案的方法时给他帮助。让孩子们学习那些受过教育的人们有朝一日要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知道什么。
　　Passage 3
　　一、文章大意和总体结构分析
　　这篇文章是一个小故事，讲述作者和朋友火车上与同车厢的旅客间发生的一件趣事。作者和约翰准备在火车上吸烟，但是坐在对面的旅客提醒他们这是无烟车厢并忠告了他们吸烟的害处。文章一直很符合逻辑地进行，但是最后的结尾比较出人意料。原来坐在对面的自称为医生的旅客竟是一位刚从精神病院逃出的患者。
　　二、试题详解
　　11、B 此题考查的是考生对文章信息的搜索。We were on our way back from a camping holiday。说明作者刚刚结束露营回来，而露营一般都会联想到tent“帐篷”。Ａ项on a boat“在船上”，Ｃ项on a farm“在农场上”，D项 with an aunt“与阿姨一起”，这三项在文章中都没有体现。
　　12、A 本题考查的是对词义的理解。We had lived rough for over a fortnight。Fortnight意思是两周。Over,“超过”，超过两周，所以应选A, more than two weeks.
　　13、D。倒数第二行说：He left his newspaper behind him.. A. threw his newspaper away，“扔掉报纸”；B. offered them his newspaper “将报纸给了作者和他的朋友”；C. dropped his newspaper，“扔掉报纸”。
　　14、D。最后一段第一行说：“Just look at this”, remarked John, pointing to a photograph. “pointing to a photograph”, “指着报纸上的照片”。A. in a hurry，“匆忙地”；B. with great interest，“带着很大的兴趣”；C. to pass the time，“为了消磨时间”。这三项都与文章的意思不符，所以应选A.
　　15、C。此题旨在测试考生对单词的理解。最后一段第二行说：“Underneath the photograph was an account of a lunatic who had recently escaped.” Lunatic意为“精神病患者”。所以应选Ｃa madman
　　三、文章长难句分析
　　1、 John had bought a packet of cigarettes just before we caught the train and he offered me one as we settled ourselves in our compartment. 就在我们赶上火车之前约翰买了一包烟，等我们在车厢安顿好之后他递给我一支。Catch the train，赶上火车。Settle sb. in some places,在某处坐好，安顿好。
　　2、 The man went on, in a rather more kindly way, to warn us against the dangers of smoking. 这个男人以一种更和善的口吻坚持让我们警惕吸烟的危害。In a more kindly way,为插入语，修饰这个人说话的语气、态度。To warn us against the dangers of smoking是宾语成分。
　　四、核心词汇
　　Settle sb. in some places, 坐好、安顿好; live rough艰苦地度过; be opposite to在对面; lean across倾斜身体; no smoking compartment无烟车厢; warn against告捷、警告; eager to急于做某事; an account of，…的说明; pretend to假装
　　五、全文翻译
　　就在我们赶上火车之前约翰买了一包烟，等我们在车厢安顿好之后他递给我一支。我们正从假期露营回家的路上，经过了两个多星期的艰苦生活，现在一支香烟对我们来说都是一种奢侈。
　　我摸摸口袋，想找出火柴，但发现我没有。“我也没有”，约翰说。我们对面坐着一位先生，报纸遮住了他的脸。“对不起，先生”，约翰斜了斜身子，“您能借我们个火儿吗？”那位已过中年的先生放低报纸，我们看到他严肃的脸。“这是无烟车厢”，他说，并向我们指了指窗户上的标志。我们向他到了歉并收起了还未点着的香烟。这个男人以一种更和善的口吻坚持让我们警惕吸烟的危害。最后他总结道：“作为一名医生，我这么讲。”然后便继续看报。火车又经过了几站，那位先生便下车了，并留下了他的报纸。我们拿过报纸，急于了解在我们露营期间外面都发生了什么。“看看这个”，约翰指着一张照片对我说，“这不是刚才坐在我们对面的那个人吗？”照片底下有一行说明，这就是最近刚刚逃出来精神病患者。看来他喜欢假扮医生。
　　Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure
　　16．【答案】B。despite:不管，不顾。而In spite of 才表示此义。
　　17．【答案】B。object to 是固定搭配，其中的to是介词，后接动名词。
　　18.【答案】C。“there is no sense in doing sth.”是固定句型，表示“不必做某事或做某事是没道理的”。
　　19.【答案】B。动词give 与主语she 是被动关系，所以用given. provided 是连词，相当于if。
　　20.【答案】C。本题考查used to do (过去常常做某事)和be used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)的区别。
　　21 【答案】D。means （方式，方法）作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
　　22 【答案】C。不定式作宾补。句意是“我们有几个型号供你挑选。”
　　23. 【答案】A。Remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人想起某事来。固定搭配。
　　24. 【答案】A。pay back：换钱。pay for：付账。
　　25. 【答案】A。nothing but：只有。
　　26. 【答案】C。考查独立主格结构。problem与solve是被动关系，因此用过去分词。
　　27. 【答案】C。look forward to doing sth.：盼望着做某事。to 是介词，后接动名词。
　　28. 【答案】C。avoid doing sth.：避免做某事。备选项中只有avoid后接动名词。
　　29. 【答案】C。由前句not a serious 可知这里应填minor（较小的）。
　　30. 【答案】D。run out of：用光。run away with：逃掉；run down：往下跑；run off：离开。
　　31．【答案】C。在句型“It is necessary that…”中that 从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是should do。
　　32．【答案】C。insist表示“坚决要求”。其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是should do。
　　33．【答案】B。as替代后面的句子she has no personal hostility to us.
　　34．【答案】D。urge（强烈要求）后的宾语从句中要用should do 表示虚拟语气。
　　35．【答案】D。doubt用在否定句中其后的宾语从句要用that引导；用在肯定句中其后的宾语从句要用if或whether引导。
　　36【答案】A。would rather 后的从句中用虚拟语气。一般都是用一般过去式表示虚拟。
　　37.【答案】B。embarrassed：感到困窘的。discouraged：泄气的；disappointed：失望的；bewildered：迷惑的。
　　38.【答案】B。break out：突然爆发。last：持续。
　　39.【答案】B。Hardly… when：一……就
　　40.【答案】A。本句考查结果状语从句中连词的使用。全句意思是：这孩子太累了，以至于晚饭后不久就上床睡觉了。so…that：如此……以至于。
　　41【答案】C。表示三者及三者以上的没有一个用none。两者当中没有一个用neither或nor。them 代替three ways。
　　42.【答案】B。long for：渴望。
　　43 【答案】C。Hesitate to do sth.:不愿做某事。
　　44. 【答案】C。put away：收起来，存储；put out：熄灭；put off：延期。
　　45. 【答案】B。specimen：标本，样品。sample：试用品。
　　Part Ⅲ Identification
　　46．【答案】A。连词符连接的名词要用单数形式。minutes改为minute。
　　47【答案】C。主语是Susan, 谓语用单数。together with her husband and two sons是修饰语。
　　48【答案】C。“only+状语”置于句首，句子要部分倒装。we can 改为 can we。
　　49【答案】C。use up 表示“用光”。use away是错误搭配。
　　50【答案】C。句中是指过去“我”应该到早些。表示过去应该做某事而没做，要用ought to have got。
　　51. 【答案】C。先行词被only修饰时其后的定语从句要用that引导。
　　52. 【答案】A。can’t help doing sth. 表示“忍不住做某事”。to think改为thinking。
　　53.【答案】B。主语是两个并列的动名词短语，所以谓语用复数。改was为were。
　　54．【答案】B。in the front of 表示“在……前部”；本句表示“在……前面”应该用in front of。
　　55.【答案】C hardly：几乎不。此句已是否定句，nothing要改为anything。
　　Part Ⅳ Cloze
　　一、文章结构总体分析
　　文章主要讲述了未来家用感应器的应用原理及各种功能。并预测在不久的将来感应器的应用将意味着更多。
　　二、试题具体分析
　　56．【答案】A。matter=be important，很重要。Function 表示运行，work表示正常，可行；mind表示介意。只有matter最符合题意。
　　57．【答案】C。本题考查词义。detect：探测出；evaluate：评估；expose：暴露；uncover：揭露。
　　58．【答案】B。 retire：退休；withdraw：撤退；retreat：退却；leave：离开。
　　59．【答案】C。根据句意选through。表示“通过”。
　　60．【答案】C。 faulty表示“有毛病的”。Displeasing 和unpleasant都是“令人不快的”，mistaken为“错误的”，都不符合题意。
　　61．【答案】B。与前文呼应，发现有毛病的要隔离。Depart : 启程，divide: 划分；break：打破。
　　62．【答案】A。根据上下文含意应填入warn。
　　63．【答案】D。句意是“警告你他们需要修理了”。mending：缝补；reference：参考；separation：隔离。句中need是情态动词，后面直接接动词。
　　64．【答案】B。这是一个省略if的虚拟条件句。假设要是有人闯入，sensors就会报警。
　　65．【答案】D。根据文章上下文可知这里应用because表示原因。
　　66．【答案】B。 outside doors 外门
　　67．【答案】A。用个人卡开门。Personal ：个人的；Personnel：全体职员。
　　68．【答案】D。shopping是指消费，购物。接上文“个人卡“是你用来消费，购物的那张卡。
　　69．【答案】C。一个只有你知道的数码。Realize：意识到；adapt: 适应；inform：通知
　　70．【答案】A。由于下文还要谈到sensors还是一个entertainer，所以可知它不只是能当作fireman，policeman等。more than：不只是。
　　71．【答案】D。由上文的entertainer可以推测出这里填entertainment “娱乐”最合适。
　　72．【答案】B。 right是副词，表示：径直地。
　　73．【答案】A。根据上下文这里是转折关系。
　　74．【答案】C。 mean意味着，符合题意。
　　75．【答案】A。 take part （in）：参加，参与。是固定搭配。
　　三、文章长难句分析及佳句赏析
　　They will detect 60_ electrical appliances , plugs or switches , 61_ them so that they cannot harm anyone and then 62_ you that they need 63__ .直译：他们将检测出有毛病的电器、管道或者电闸并加以隔离以防伤害到任何人；并警告你他们需要修理了。
　　句子结构分析：总体骨架 they will detect…，isolate… and warn that…。句中还有一个so that 结构,做isolate的目的状语。
　　四、核心词汇
　　detect探测出；sensor: 感应器；presence出席，存在；appliances用具，器具；
　　intruder 闯入者；electronic电子的；entertainment娱乐；
　　五、全文翻译
　　当你离开房间的时候，是不是忘记关灯和加热器了？在2040年，这种担心将不会有关系。他们会自动关掉并在你回来的时候再自动开启。感应器会检测到人的存在并把系统启动，而当人离开的时候它又将把系统关掉。
　　感应器通过家庭中枢电脑工作，他们要做的并不仅仅为你开灯关灯。他们将检测出有毛病的电器、管道或者电闸并加以隔离以防伤害到任何人；并警告你他们需要修理了。感应器将检测火灾情况，如果你不在家，电脑将会打电话给消防队。假设检测到有人闯入，感应器就会报警。这将不困难，因为外门的锁将是电子性质的。用你的个人卡将可以打开那些锁，这一个人卡是你用来消费，购物的那张卡，可能用到一个只有你知道的数码。
　　这一电脑不仅仅充当消防人员和警察的角色。它将是个艺人，而且生活中的大部分娱乐将直接来到你的家中。但是，到2040年娱乐将意味着更多的东西。一方面，你将会积极主动地参与而不仅仅是观看…
　　Part Ⅴ Translation (20%)
　　英译汉
　　76. 【答案】教授的研究表明女人比男人更能说谎。
　　77. 【答案】他说有几种动作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者一个手指支在嘴角。
　　78. 【答案】让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作。
　　79 就在我们赶上火车之前约翰买了一包烟，等我们在车厢安顿好之后他递给我一支。
　　80. 这个男人以一种更和善的口吻坚持让我们警惕吸烟的危害。
　　汉译英
　　81. 【答案】It is of great importance for college students to take part in social practice.
　　82. 【答案】As long as we use our brains, we can certainly come up with new ideas.
　　83. 【答案】This room is just as large as that one.
　　84. 【答案】This is the place where the First World War started.
　　85. 【答案】I wish I had paid more attention to pronunciation in the past.

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