湖北2016年专升本英语模拟真题和答案（四）                     

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英语应试模拟第4套
Ⅰ . Phonetics (5 points)
Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter
combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is
different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. A. Monday 
B. onion
C. wonderful  
D. got
2. A. base
B. please
C. amuse  
D. because
3. A. dream
B. threat
C. beat
D. heat
4. A. vision
B. pension
C. leisure 
D. measure
5. A. virus
B. T-shirt
C. third  
D. virtue
Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)
Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four
choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken
the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
6. You should buy a computer,        you would be able to send emails.
A. So  
B. Then 
C. Well
D. Therefore
7. The Smiths will move to New York. But we hope to       with them.
A. keep touch
B. keep at touch
C. keep on touch 
D. keep in touch
8. "Do you go out       on weekends?  Yes,we sometimes go out.
A. very often
B. in a time
C. once upon a time
D. once in a while
9. My father gave       as my birthday gift.
A. to me the bike last week
B. to me the bike last night
C. me the bike last night  
D. last night the bike to me
10. He was       have a doctor's appointment today.
A. supposed
B. supposing 
C. supposed to 
D. supposing to
11.        he was seen to be an aggressive politician, he was a quiet and loving family man at
home.
A. Although
B. Despite  
C. In spite of  
D. Nevertheless
12. I wish you       me how to make such a sauce last time.
A. teach  
B. taught
C. have taught 
D. had taught
13. I don't think my eyes are as good as they used to be. I need to have them      
A. tested
B. cleaned
C. serviced
D. cared
14. The Smiths       their breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had
B. were having
C. has been having
D. are having
15.       that she liked curry,he would have brought her to an Indian restaurant.
A. If John knows
B. Had John known
C. If John knew
D. Dose John know
16. My students' sleepless nights became       as the examinations approached.
A. so frequently
B. much more frequently
C. more frequent
D. far more frequent than
17. After this tour you have       whole afternoon free to explore the city.
A. a 
B. an  
C. / 
D. the
18. My daughter tells me that it is fashionable to wear jeans that are very        around the waist.
A. loose
B. lose  
C. free
D. restrict
19. If you're forbidden to do something, it means you       do it,
A. haven't got to
B. needn't  
C. couldn't
D. may not
20. He told me that he       in Spain the previous year.
A. has been working 
B. had been working
C. has worked
D. had -been worked
Ⅲ. Cioze (30 points)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C and
D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet.
 Most people are born with the natural ability to   21stories, but only a rare few have the
determination to become   22authors, and even fewer have the joy of seeing their novels top the23   of bestselling books.  Some of the world' s famous crime writers have achieved the24
success of all. Who can   25   the appeal of famous detectives like Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot? Even if you haven' t read the original books you will have seen   26   in films or on the TV.
 If you have an ambition to become the   27Agatha Christie what should you do? The best starting   28   is to read lots of examples of crime fiction written by good authors. You will need a notebook to carry around with you or   29   better, some loose   30   of paper that you can   31 notes on and then file into a folder. After all, the most everyday situation -- for example, watching a woman get   32   a train -- may be the   33   for your first bestseller.
 Like any good recipe you have to know the main   34   of a successful novel. These are: an/a
   35   story, strong characters and a memorable setting.
21. A. say
B. tell  
C. speak  
D. announce
22. A. amateur
B. special
C. professional 
D. authoritative
23. A. queue  
B. list
C. row
D. line
24. A. largest
B. greatest
C. highest  
D. prime
25. A. deny
B. refuse
C. insist
D. hide
26. A. the story
B. the book 
C. authors
D. them
27. A. next
B. following  
C. subsequent  
D. later
28. A. spot
B. tip  
C. point  
D. mark
29. A. even
B. still  
C. very
D. so
30. A. strips  
B. sheets
C. layers 
D. pieces
31. A. complete
B. do  
C. fill
D. make
32. A. out
B. down
C. off
D. from
33. A. notion  
B. idea 
C. invention
D. inspiration
34. A. parts
B. ingredients
C. slices
D. sections
35. A. original 
B. secondhand
C. Interesting
D. well-known
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (60 points)
Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
  Passage One
 When you imagine the desert,you probably think of a very hot place covered with sand. Although this is a good description for many deserts, Earth' s largest desert is actually a very cold place covered with ice: Antarctica.
 In order for an area to be considered a desert, it must receive very little rainfall.  More specifically, it must receive an average of less than ten inches of precipitation--which can be rain,
sleet, hail, or snow--on the ground every year. Antarctica, the coldest place on earth, has an average temperature that usually falls below the freezing point. And because cold air holds less moisture than warm air, the air in Antarctica does not hold much moisture at all.  This is evident in the low precipitation statistics recorded for Antarctica. For example, the central part of Antarctica receives an average of less than two inches of snow every year.  The coastline of Antarctica receives a little bit more--between seven and eight inches a year.  Because Antarctica gets so little precipitation every year, it is considered a desert.
 When precipitation falls in hot deserts, it quickly evaporates back into the atmosphere. The air
over Antarctica is too cold to hold water vapor, so there is very little evaporation. Due to this low rate of evaporation, most of the snow that falls to the ground remains there permanently, eventually building up into thick ice sheets. Any snow that does not freeze into ice sheets becomes caught up in the strong winds that constantly blow over Antarctica.  These snow-filled winds can make it look as if it is snowing. Even though snowfall is very rare there, blizzards are actually very common on Antarctica.
36. The main purpose of paragraph 1 is to        
A. accept a conclusion
B. introduce an argument
C. provide a brief history  
D. deny a common belief
37. The best title for this passage would be      
A. Earth's Many Deserts
B. Antarctica: The Coldest Place on Earth
C. A Desert of Ice
D. Unusual Blizzards
38. Africa' s Sahara Desert is the second-largest desert on earth.  Based on the information in the passage ,what characteristic must the Sahara share with Antarctica?
A. Low temperatures. 
B. High temperatures.
C. Frequent blizzards.
D. Low precipitation.
39. Based on the information in the final paragraph, it can be understood that blizzards in Antarctica are mainly the result of      
A. strong winds
B. large amounts of snowfall
C. low amounts of precipitation
D. freezing cold temperatures
 Passage Two
   Student Volunteers Needed!
 On Saturday, December 12th,from 10 A. M. until 4 P.  M.  , Carverton Middle School will be holding a music festival in the school gymnasium.  The special event will feature a variety of
professional musicians and singers.

Task	Time	Date
Make posters	1 P．M．一4 P．M．	December 5th
Set up gym	11 A．M．一4 P．M．	December 1th
Help performers	9 A．M．一4 P．M．	December 12th
Welcome guests	10 A．M．一2 P．M．	December 12th
Clean up gym	4 P．M．一7 P．M．	December 12th

 Interested students should speak with Ms. Braxton,the music teacher. Students who would like to help at the festival must have written permission from a parent or guardian.
40. What time will the festival begin?
A. 10A. M.
B. 11A.M.
C. 1P.M.
D. 2P. M.
41. In line 2,the word feature is closest in meaning to      
A. look
B. keep 
C. include 
D. entertain
42. What job will be done the day before the festival begins?
A. Making posters.
B. Setting up the gym.
C. Cleaning up the gym.  
D. Helping the performers.
43. Who is told to talk to Ms. Braxton?
A. Parents.
B. Students.  
C. Teachers.
D. Performers.
  Passage Three
  When another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940,the world was amazed.
  Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals.
  Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not
limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex.
  Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away.  Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside.
  Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963,23 years after it was discovered.
44. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France?
 A. It is home to rare animals.
 B. It has a large number of caves.
 C. It is known for horse-racing events.
 D. It has attracted many famous artists.
45. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls?
 A. Birds.  
B. Bison.
C. Horses.
D. Wild cats.
46. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?
 A. It was completely dark inside.
 B. The caves were full of wild animals.
 C. Painting materials were hard to find.
 D. Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.
47. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintings EXCEPT     
A. temperature changes
B. air movement
C. water  
D. light
 Passage Four
Gold used in jewelry is mixed with harder metals to add strength and durability. The metals added can also be used to change gold' s color, giving it a fashionable rose or white tint, or to lighten or darken the natural yellow tone of pure gold.  Mixtures like these, of less costly metals with more valuable ones, are called alloys.  Copper and silver are the most common metals mixed with gold to make yellow gold jewelry. White gold is usually made with an alloy of gold and nickel.
The measure of gold' s purity is called a karat. The higher the karat rating, the higher the amount
of pure gold: 24 karat is pure gold, 15 karat is 75% pure gold, 14 karat is 58.5% pure gold, and 9
karat is 37.5% pure gold. All other things being equal, the higher the percentage of pure gold used in the alloy, the more valuable and expensive the jewelry will be.
 Gold jewelry pieces are usually stamped with a marking to identify the karat amount. While gold
that is 24K is too soft for jewelry, 18K, 14K and 9K gold are all appropriate for jewelry, and they all
make pieces that look great and wear beautifully.
48. Which of the following statements best captures the main idea of this passage?
A. Although gold is very valuable, it is also very expensive.
B. Gold jewelry is stamped with its karat weight.
C. Gold jewelry is made using alloys.
D. Colored gold is more valuable than white gold.
49. Based on information in the passage, it can be understood that pure gold is      
A. not used to make rings 
B. stamped with 100K
C. an alloy of different metals  
D. colorless
50. According to the passage, the use of other metals in gold alloys      
 Ⅰ. can be used to make the gold different color
 Ⅱ. makes jewelry more expensive
 Ⅲ. makes gold more flexible
A.  I only 
B.  I and Ⅱ only
C.  Ⅱ and Ⅲ only
D.  I , Ⅱ ,and Ⅲ
51. Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between gold and its karat rating?
A. The lower the karat rating,the purer the gold.
B. The higher the karat rating,the more expensive the gold.
C. The higher the karat rating,the less valuable the mixture.
D. The lower the karat rating,the purer the alloy.
  Passage Five
 It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food
attracts germs, germs produce acid ,and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can be also good for your heart.
It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart.
Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood. Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against these germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart over time.
Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence. A coincidence is the occurrence of two or more events at one time apparently by mere chance. The incidence of these events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence.
The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true. But every
doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing does not help your heart, it is sure to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.
52. Flossing effectively helps to keep your mouth healthy by preventing      
A. germs from producing acid
B. food from entering your body
C. germs from entering into your blood
D. acid from contacting your teeth and gums
53. In paragraph 2, the author explains how having too many germs in your mouth can “end up
weakening the heart.  "  Using the passage as a guide, it can be understood that doctors are      
A. reluctant to hypothesize
B. confident in their estimations
C. extremely knowledgeable
D. uncertain but speculative
54. Using information in paragraph 3 as a guide, which of the following is the best example of a
coincidence?
A. Jim wakes up with a sore throat. He eats a piece of bacon for breakfast.  By noon, he feels
much better. Jim decides that the bacon has cured his sore throat.
B. Laura remembers to brush her teeth every day, but she only remembers to floss once a week.
She writes a note to herself, reminding herself to floss and sticks it to her bathroom mirror.
C. Mario is not very good at baseball. He practices playing every day. After a several months of
practice, he is a much better baseball player.
D. Jai has a bad heart. Her doctor tells her to eat more vegetables and less junk food. After nearly
a year of doing this, the doctor tells Jai that her heart is doing much better.
55. Which of the following best states the main idea of the final paragraph?
A. Because doctors do not agree that flossing wilt help your heart, it is useless to floss.
B. It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth.
C. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day.
D. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart, but it is still a good idea to
do it every day.
V. Daily Conversation (15 points)
Directions: Pick out five appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the
following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
A. Thank you for coming along
B. I'm ready
C. I was looking for a part-time job
D. When will ! know
E. It is a great job  
F. That about covers it
G. How long do ! have to wait
H. I have
Interviewer: So, you've applied for the Saturday position, right?
John: Yes,  56
Interviewer: Can you tell me what made you reply to our advertisement?
John: Well,  57   to help me through college.
Interviewer: Do you know exactly what you would be doing as a shop assistant?
John: Well I imagine I would be helping customers, keeping a check on the supplies in the store, and preparing the shop for business.
Interviewer:   58   ,you would also be responsible for keeping the front of the store tidy. Have you any previous work experience?
John: Yes. I worked part-time at a take-away in the summer holidays.
Interviewer: I think I have asked you everything I wanted to.59   to the interview.
John: Thank you.60   if ! have been successful?
Interviewer: We'll be making our decision next Monday. We'll give you a call.
Ⅵ. Writing (25 points)
Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a letter of application in English in 100-120
words based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.
61．你(Li Yuan)准备加入一个俱乐部(文艺俱乐部、书画俱乐部、旅游俱乐部或者体育俱乐部)。
写一份申请，内容如下：
(1)加入什么俱乐部；
(2)加入俱乐部的原因；
(3)自己的特长。
英语应试模拟第4套参考答案与解析
Ⅰ．Phonetics
【答案】
1．D  2．A  3．B  4．B  5．A
【解析】
1．选项D画线字母读
2．选项A画线字母读
3．选项B画线字母读
4．选项B画线字母读
5．选项A画线字母读
Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure
【答案】
6．B  7．D  8．D  9．C  10．C  11．A  12．D  13．A  14．B  15．B 16．C  17．D
18．A  19．D  20．B
【解析】
6．So因此，then然后，well语气词，表示惊讶、默许、同意、规劝、无可奈何等，therefore因此、所以。这句话的意思是先有什么之后才能干什么。选项B是正确的。【句子大意】你得先买计算机，才能发电子邮件。
7．“与某人保持联系”是固定词组keep in touch。选项D是正确的。【句子大意】史密斯一家要搬到纽约去了，希望能跟他们保持联系。
8．Very often(非常)经常(一般用在句子末尾)，in a time一段时间后，once upon a time从前，once in a while有时、偶尔、间或。根据对话中的肯定回答，“是的，有时(sometimes)出去”，选项D是正确的。【句子大意】问：你们会偶尔在周末出门吗?答：对。我们有时出门。
9．“给某人某物”有两种说法：give sth to sb，give sb sth。时间短语通常放在末尾。选项C是正确的。【句子大意】我父亲昨天晚上送给我一辆自行车作为我的生日礼物。
10．Be supposed to do sth理应做某事，是固定词组。选项c是正确的。【句子大意】他跟医生约的应该是今天。
11．Although虽然、尽管，despite尽管、不管、任凭，in spite of尽管、虽然、不管，nevertheless然而、尽管如此。Although和nevertheless是连词，后接句子。Despite是介词，后面只能接名词、动名词或代词，不能接句子。In spite of是介词短语，后接名词、名词性从句。根据题意，选项A是正确的。Despite和in spite of都含有不管、不顾的意思，不合题意，语法上也不合要求。选项D虽然是连词，但在词义上不合题意。【句子大意】虽然他被公认为是激进的政治家，但在家里他却是平静的、爱家的男人。
12．Wish+从句，是虚拟语气的句型，表示没有实现的、实现不了的或实现概率极小的愿望。
这个句型可以分两部分考虑。主句(wish部分)表示现在或将来的愿望(如：我真希望)用现在时(I wish)，表示过去的愿望(如：我曾经希望)用过去时(I wished)。从句部分，对希望过去发生但没有发生的事用过去完成时(had done)，对希望现在发生但不可能或很难发生的事用过去时(did／were)，对希望将来发生但不可能或很难发生的事用过去将来时(would／might／could do)。根据题意，是现在希望过去没有发生的事发生，应当用过去完成时。选项D是正确的。【原句大意】真希望你上次教过我怎么做这个酱汁。
13．Test检查，clean清洁，service服务，care照顾。sb have sth done某人要求别人为自己做某事。检查视力用动词test。选项A是正确的。根据题意，肯定是去医院检查眼睛，是别人给自己检查。【句子大意】我感觉视力不如以前好了，得去检查一下。
14．这里是主谓一致问题。定冠词+姓氏复数表示所有家庭成员，当其作主语时，谓语动词用复数。从句中的谓语动词用的是过去时，主句中的谓语动词也应用表示过去的时态。选项B是正确的。【句子大意】早报来时，史密斯一家正在用早餐。
15．虚拟条件句有两种表示方法。一是用if引导从句。二是去掉if，该从句主谓倒装，这种情况通常有强调的意思。本句中，主句中的谓语动词是过去将来完成时，说明是与过去事实相反，条件从句中的谓语应用过去完成时。选项B是正确的。它用的是倒装的形式。【句子大意】如果约翰知道她喜欢吃咖喱，就带她去印度餐厅了。
16．Become是系动词，后接形容词。选项A和B不符合要求，排除。选项D中的than要求后接与前面相比较的事物，然而此句没有，排除。选项c是正确的。【句子大意】随着考试的临近，我的学生们熬夜更频繁了。
17．句中所指的下午是特定的(旅程结束后的那个下午)，所以应用定冠词。选项D是正确的。【句子大意】这次巡回参观之后，你有整个一下午的自由时间去探究这座城市。
18．Loose宽松的，lose失去(动词)，free无约束的，restrict约束(动词)。根据题面的语法要求，空格的部分要求填形容词，选项8和D不符合，排除。按照题意，应是指衣服宽松的意思。选项A是正确的。【句子大意】女儿告诉我牛仔的时尚穿法是腰部一定要很宽松。
19．Haven’t got to do sth还没有做某事，needn’t没必要，couldn’t不能，may not不应。当你被禁止做某事时，你就不应该去做了。选项D是正确的。【句子大意】如果有人禁止你做某事，就意味着你不应该做那件事。
20．has been working现在完成进行时，had been working过去完成进行时，has worked现在完成时，had been worked过去完成时的被动态。过去完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到另一个过去时刻，到那个时刻，该动作可能刚刚终止，也有可能还在继续。句中说去年的一年(previous year)都在某地做事，至少直到过去某时(told)。选项B是正确的。也可用排除法，去年发生的事，不能用现在时，排除选项A和C。选项D是被动语态，排除。【句子大意】他跟我说去年一年他都在西班牙工作。
Ⅲ．Cloze
【答案】
21．B  22．C  23．B  24．B  25．A  26．D  27．A  28．C  29．A  30．B  31．D
32．C  33．D  34．B  35．A
【解析】
21．“讲故事”是固定词组，tell a story。选项B是正确的。
22．虽然大多数人天生就有讲故事的天分，但很少有人会决心做职业作家。选项C是正确的。很多人会做业余作家(选项A)，与文中意思相反。选项B(special特殊的)和选项D(authoritative权威的)不符合文章的意图。
23．Queue排队，list名单，row排、行，line线条、排、行。这里指畅销书的排行榜名单。选项B是正确的。
24．Largest最大的，greatest最伟大的，highest最高的，prime一流的。The greatest success of au最大的成功。世界上有些犯罪小说作家获得了最大成功。选项B是正确的。Highest最高的，不合题意。Large通常指具体的面积、体积或数量的大，great则侧重于抽象的、主观的大，伟大、杰出等。空格前面的the表明这里要求最高级，of all所有当中最好的。
25．Deny否认，refuse拒绝，insist坚持，hide隐藏。选项C和D明显不合题意。Deny含有拒绝接受之意，refuse则表示推辞。文中的意思是有谁能拒绝接受像夏洛克·福尔摩斯、马普尔小姐或赫尔克里·波洛这样的一些著名侦探的吸引呢。选项A是正确的。
26．这里应指前句中所说的名侦探，所以应该用代词复数them表示。选项D是正确的。即便你没有读过原书，你肯定也在电视或电影中看到了这些名侦探的故事。
27．阿加莎·克里斯蒂是著名侦探小说家。如果你要想做下一个阿加莎·克里斯蒂的话，应当怎么做。Next(紧接着的)下一个，following其次的、下列，subsequent后来的、后面的，later以后、后来的。选项A是正确的。
28．Spot地点、场所、污点，tip顶端，point要点、观点，mark标记。Starting point起点。选项C是正确的。
29．Or even better是固定词组，表示“甚至更好”。其使用方法是词组后加逗号，词组后面的
事或方法比该词组前面的事或方法更好。文章的意思是：用散页纸做笔记比用笔记本好。选项A是正确的。
30．Strip带、条，sheet薄片、纸、一张，layer层，piece块、片。Sheet of paper单页纸，loose sheets of paper散开的、没有装订的纸。选项B是正确的。
31．固定词组：make notes做笔记。选项D是正确的。
32．“下火车”用词组get off。选项c是正确的。
33．Notion概念、奇想，idea主意、构思，invention发明，inspiration灵感。文章的意思是日常生活中最普通的事都会成为你的第一部畅销书的灵感来源。从最普通的事中获取灵感，选项A、B、C不合题意。选项D是正确的。
34．Part部分，ingredient原料、要素，slice部分、份，section章节、横截面。文章的意思是，像食谱一样，成功的小说也有主要的要素(原料)。选项B是正确的。
35．根据前面所给的例子，要成为好作者必须深入生活。所以作者提出要随时注意、记录生活中的平常事，获得第一手资料(original)。选项A是正确的。Second hand是二手资料(选项B)，不符合文章意思。选项C和D太泛。
【原文大意】
大多数人都有讲故事的天分，但只有很少的人会决定成为专业作者，更少的人会享受自己的小说被列入畅销书名单榜首。有些世界著名的犯罪小说家已经获得了最大成功。有谁能否认像夏洛克·福尔摩斯、马普尔小姐还有赫尔克里·波洛那样的大侦探的吸引力呢?即便你还没有读过原书，你也一定在电影或电视中看过他们了。
如果你有欲望想成为下一个阿加莎·克里斯蒂，你该怎么做?最好的起点是阅读大量好作家写的犯罪小说。你需要一个随身携带的笔记本，或者，最好是散页的纸，作记录，然后装入文件夹。毕竟，这些最日常的情形——例如关注一位妇女下火车——很可能就是你第一部畅销书的灵感。
跟菜谱一样，你必须知道成功小说的关键要素(材料)。这就是：第一手的资料、个性鲜明的人物和令人难忘的场景。
Ⅳ．Reading Comprehension
第一篇
【答案】
36．D  37．C  38．D  39．A
【解析】
36．作者在第一段中说当人们想到沙漠时，通常会认为沙漠肯定是由沙子覆盖、非常炎热的地方。但这种通常的想象并不适合南极洲。所以选项D(否认普遍的认识)是正确的。第一段并未给出任何结论或展示某一论点。所以，选项A(接受结论)、选项B(介绍论点)和选项C(提供简史)都是不正确的。
37．文章的标题应反映文章主题。这篇文章的主题是解释为什么南极洲是冰冻沙漠而不是极度炎热和有大量沙子的人们想象的沙漠。所以选项c(冰冻沙漠)是正确的。选项A(地球上的多处沙漠)太泛，作者只提到南极洲。选项B(南极洲：世界最冷之地)和D(非常暴风雪)都是文中说明主题的细节，不是正确答案。
38．第二段中，作者说，作为沙漠地带的必要条件是极少的降水。其降水量每年不超过10英寸，包括雨、冻雨、冰雹或雪。撒哈拉是沙漠，所以它也必须有极低的降水量。由此判断选项D(低降水量)是正确的。选项A(低温)、B(高温)和C(频繁的暴风雪)文中均未以此说明主题，所以是不正确的。
39．第三段中，作者说，南极洲的暴风雪是狂风卷着地上的雪漫天飞舞形成的。正因为如此，虽然南极洲极少下雪，而暴风雪在南极洲却很平常。所以，选项A(暴风雪是由强风造成的)是正确的。其他选项均不是南极洲暴风雪产生之原因。
【原文大意】
当你想象沙漠时，你很可能会认为那是非常炎热且布满沙子的地方。虽然这是对许多沙漠地带很好的解释，但地球上最大的沙漠却是非常寒冷的、冰覆盖着的地方：南极洲。
如果一个地方被认为是沙漠的话，它必须有极少量的降雨。更具体地说，每年在地面上的降水(包括雨、冻雨、冰雹或雪)平均不超过l0英寸。南极洲，这个地球上最冷的地方，平均温度通常低于冰冻点。因为冷空气含湿度比热空气低，所以，南极洲的湿度极低。这在南极洲的低降水统计记录中很明显。例如，南极洲的中心地带平均每年有不到两英寸的降雪，而南极洲的沿海地带降雪量高一些，每年7～8英寸。正是因为南极洲每年有如此低的降水，所以它被称为沙漠。
如果降水发生在炎热的沙漠地带，它会很快被蒸发到大气层中。然而，南极洲太冷了，以至不可能含有水蒸气，所以，很少蒸发。由于蒸发率低，大量的降雪永久地留在了地面上，形成了很厚的冰层。没有冻成冰的雪则被南极洲的强风卷带着漫天飘舞。这些裹挟着雪的风看起来就像是下雪。因此，虽然那里极少降雪，暴风雪却是家常便饭。
第二篇
【答案】
40．A41．C42．B43．B
【解析】
40．这是一篇招募志愿者的启示。第一段的第一句就说明了时间、地点、做什么事。12月12 日 Carverton中学要在学校的体育馆举行音乐节活动，时间是上午10点到下午4点。所以音乐节的开始时间是上午10点。选项A是正确的。
41．第一段的第二句。说该活动会有很多专业的音乐人和歌手来演出。因此，feature在这里应是“包括”的意思。选项C是正确的。
42．音乐节的头一天应该做什么。12日举行音乐节，头一天应是11日。表格的第二行，把体育馆布置好。选项B是正确的。
43．最后一段的第一句。有兴趣的学生要找音乐老师Braxton女士谈。选项B是正确的。
【原文大意】
招募学生志愿者
Carverton中学将于l2月12日星期六上午l0点到下午4点，在学校体育馆举办音乐节。到
时会有多位专业音乐人和歌手参加此次特别活动。

任务	时间	日期
张贴广告	13：O0—16：O0	12月5日
布置体育馆	11：O0—16：O0	12月11日
协助演员	9：O0—16：O0	12月12日
迎接客人	10：00—14：O0	12月12日
打扫体育馆	16：00一I9：00	12月12日

感兴趣的学生请到音乐教师Braxton女士处报名。有意为音乐节服务的学生必须携带家长或监护人的书面同意书。
第三篇
【答案】
44．B  45．C  46．D  47．D
【解析】
44．这篇文章讲的是在法国南部发现的拉斯科洞窟壁画群。第一段第一句就提到在法国南部发现洞穴已经不是新鲜事了，太平常了。最近这种事经常发生，已经没有人关注它了。由此可见，法国南部洞穴很多。选项B是正确的。选项A(法国南部是稀有动物的家园)文中没有提及。选项C(法国南部以赛马著称)文章中提到马但不是从赛马的角度。选项D(法国南部吸引了众多著名艺术家)文中只提及这个洞穴的发现震惊了世界。
45．第二段。洞中墙壁上的画展示了古代人打猎的情景。猎物有野牛、野猫等。其他的绘
画有鸟和马，最值得注意的是，画中的马的数量相当多，远远超出了其他的动物。选项C是正确的。
46．第三段。画家们并不仅仅在容易攀爬的墙上画，还在陡峭的墙上、狭窄的通道内画。选项D(许多绘画空间很难到达)是正确的。选项A(洞内漆黑一片)、选项B(洞内充满野兽)文中没有提及。文中说的是带着颜料到难攀爬的地方画，故选项c(很难找到绘画颜料)不正确。
47．第四、五段。第四段提及水的破坏性活动、温度的变化、空气的流动都造成了壁画的损坏。第五段的第一句说，如果这些壁画暴露在自然光之下，这些画早就被彻底破坏了。换言之，因为这些画是在洞穴里，没有受到自然光的照射，才没有被彻底损毁，而保留至今。选项D是正确的。
【原文大意】
在法国南部发现新的古代洞穴已不再是新闻了，只不过是普通的事件而已。最近这类发现太频繁了以至没有人关注它。然而，l940年发现的拉斯科洞窟壁画群则震惊了世界。直接画在墙上的是数百个展示数千年以前人们狩猎情景的壁画。这些壁画描绘了人们打野牛、野猫的情景。其他的绘画还包括鸟和马，最值得注意的是，马出现在300多幅壁画中，其数量大大超出了其他的动物。
这些动物壁画的完成对早期的艺术家来说是件困难的任务，也是意义深远的工作。在拉斯科洞窟内，艺术家们并不只限于在容易攀爬的墙壁上作画，还带着绘画材料攀爬到陡峭的墙壁、爬行在狭窄的通道内作画。
不幸的是，这些壁画暴露在水的破坏性活动和温度的变化中，很容易受到磨损，加上拉斯科洞窟有许多洞口，空气的流动也使得洞内的壁画受到损伤。
所幸的是这些壁画不是在露天，否则，自然光早已把它们彻底毁掉了。许多壁画已经损坏，很难辨认。为了避免更严重的损毁，这个遗迹在被发现的23年后的1963年关闭，禁止游客参观了。
第四篇
【答案】
48．C  49．A  50．A  51．B
【解析】
48．第一段第一句就点明了文章的主题：首饰中的黄金是同其他更坚硬的金属混合使用的，以增强其强度和韧度。接下来文章从颜色、纯度分别介绍了这种混合物(合金)。选项C是正确的。选项A(黄金虽然贵重也很昂贵)不是主题。选项B(黄金首饰都刻有含开的重量数)表述不准确，此处开并不是重量单位。选项D(有色黄金比白金贵重)文中没有提及。
49．根据第一段和最后一段，纯黄金做首饰太软了，言外之意是首饰通常不用纯黄金做，而是与其他金属混合使用。所以不会用纯黄金做戒指。选项A是正确的。选项B(纯黄金标l00开)不正确，纯黄金是24开。选项c(纯黄金是不同金属的合金)不是正确的答案，合金就不是纯黄金。选项D不是正确答案，黄金是黄色的(第一段)，不是无色的。
50．黄金与不同的金属混合可产生不同的颜色(第一段)，并且使首饰比纯黄金的便宜(第二段)，但混合的金属是否使黄金更灵活，文中没有提及。所以选项A是正确的。
51．第二段。合金中的黄金含量越高，其首饰就越贵重，价钱也就越高。选项B是正确的。
【原文大意】
首饰中的黄金实际上是黄金与硬度更高的金属的混合物，这些金属用来增强黄金的强度和韧度。这些金属还可以改变黄金的颜色，如增加一些时尚的玫瑰色或白色，或者冲淡或加重一些纯黄金的自然黄。这种价格较低的金属和价格较高的金属的混合物叫做合金。铜和银是最常用来与黄金混合制作首饰的。白金通常是黄金与镍的合金。
对黄金纯度的测量叫开。开越高，含金量就越高。24开是纯金，18开含75％的纯金，14开含58．5％的纯金，9开含37．5％的纯金。同样，合金中的黄金含量越高，其首饰也就越贵重，价格也就越高。
黄金首饰上通常会标有开数。24开黄金做首饰太软了。而含l8开、l4开和9开的黄金最适合做首饰。用它们做出的首饰同样看起来非常珍贵，戴起来也非常漂亮。
第五篇
【答案】
52．D  53．D  54．A  55．C
【解析】
52．文章的主题是使用牙线是否有利于心脏。第一段中作者告诉我们牙缝中的食物会引来
细菌，细菌产生酸，酸会伤害牙齿和牙龈。而牙线可以将牙缝中的食物剔除，也就是铲除细菌，当然也就不会有酸侵蚀牙齿和牙龈了。所以，牙线是靠阻止伤害牙齿和牙龈的酸来保持口腔健康的。选项D是正确的。而选项A(阻止产生酸的细菌)太泛了，没有特指源于牙缝中的食物的细菌，所以不是正确答案。牙线不能阻止食物进入身体，选项B不是正确答案。文中没有提及细菌是否进入血液，选项C不是正确答案。
53．第二段。作者列举了两种使用牙线有利于心脏的说法，但都是用的can(能够)，表示使
用牙线有利于心脏的可能性，并不肯定。作者又在第二段的结尾用For some reason(由于某种原因)和may(也许)说也许由于某种原因，身体与口腔细菌的这种争斗会随着时间的推移最终削弱心脏，而不是使心脏更健康。选项D是正确的。文章没有表示出对假设的不情愿(选项A)，而是很愿意做各种假设(如有利或无利于心脏)。文中所表现的是医生们对自己的估计并不是很肯定，选项B(医生们对自己的估计很肯定)不是正确答案。选项C(医生们非常有见识)文中没有提及。
54．第三段。作者说，有些医生认为如果使用牙线的人果真感觉有利于心脏也许只是偶然
的巧合，并举了例子说明什么是巧合。据此，可断定选项A是正确答案。Jim早晨醒来感觉嗓子痛，早餐吃了几片培根，到中午嗓子好多了，他便认为是吃培根的结果。从医学的角度来说显然是不可能的，只是巧合而已。选项B与巧合无关。选项C，Mario经过努力而成为优秀的球员，是因果关系，不是巧合。选项D，遵照医嘱，Jai多吃蔬菜少吃垃圾食品，她的心脏大为好转，也是因果关系，不是巧合。文中说巧合不存在因果关系。
55．最后一段总结全文，也许牙线不一定对心脏有帮助，但对口腔有利是肯定的，因此要天天使用牙线。选项C是正确的。选项A(因为医生不赞成使用牙线有助于心脏这一说法，因此使用牙线是无意义的)与文中观点相反。选项B(牙线对心脏和牙齿都有好处是事实)只对一半。选项D(使用牙线有利于心脏是不可信的，但仍可每天使用)，前半句与文章不符，后半句太泛。
【原文大意】
牙缝中的残存食物保留很久是不好的。因为，残存的食物会产生细菌，细菌产生酸，而酸伤害牙齿和牙龈。牙线可帮助去除存留在牙缝中的食物。也就是说，牙线可帮助保持口腔健康。但是，有些医生认为牙线也有助于心脏的健康。
对牙齿所做的事还会影响到心脏是件挺滑稽的事。医生们有几种解释来说明牙线如何保持心脏健康。一种说法是，伤害牙齿的细菌会离开口腔进入血液，那么这些进入血液的细菌就会攻击心脏。另一种说法是依据这样的事实：当口腔中有过多的细菌时，身体会努力地同这些细菌作战。然而，因为某种原因，身体与口腔细菌的持久战争会最终导致心脏的削弱。
并不是所有的医生都赞成这种说法。有些医生认为，使用牙线的习惯和心脏健康的联系只是巧合。所谓巧合是指两件或两件以上的事情靠机缘而同时发生的现象。这种现象的发生完全没有规则，绝不依赖于事件之间的因果关系。例如，我每次洗车都碰到下雨。这并不意味着我洗车时会以某种方式改变天气。这只是巧合而已。
使用牙线剔牙能帮助心脏健康的理论也许不是真的，但所有的医生都赞成使用牙线是保持牙齿健康的非常好的方法。因此，即便牙线不能有利于心脏，但它肯定有助于牙齿。这个理由就足以劝说人们每天使用牙线。
Ⅴ.Daily Conversation
【答案】
56．H  57．C  58．F  59．A  60．D
【解析】
56．第一句用的是完成时态，表示“申请了”，回答也应用完成时态。选项H是正确的。
57．因为这份工作只是周六的工作职位，因此肯定不是全职的工作。选项C是正确的。
58．John列举了他想象的自己在这个岗位上应该做的工作内容。从“你还要负责……”可以肯定面试官对John的答复是肯定的，选项F是正确的。
59．面试结束，面试官说些常规的客套话，谢谢面试者来面试之类。选项A是正确的。
60．面试者也询问一下自己接到通知的大概时间。选项D是正确的。
【原文大意】
Interviewer：你申请的是周六的职位，对吧?
John：对。
Interviewer：你能告诉我你为什么到我们这儿来应聘吗?
John：我在找一份兼职的工作，能帮助我完成学业。
Interviewer：你知道助理店员都做些什么吗?
John：我想应该是帮助顾客，监督货品供应，为营销做准备。
Interviewer：基本上就这些。不过，你还要负责保证店门口的清洁。你有工作经历吗?
John：有，我暑假在一个外卖店工作过。
Interviewer：我想我的问题都问完了。谢谢你来面试。
John：谢谢。如果我被录取的话，什么时候能接到通知?
Interviewer：下周一作决定。我们会给你打电话。
Ⅵ．Writing
61．【高分作文】
APPLICATION
Dear President,
I am writing this letter to apply for a membership of the Music Club. I am a music lover and can
play both piano and guzheng.
I can squeeze enough time to join all activities the club organizes though I am busy at work.  I
have learned piano for over ten years and I once won the third prize in the city' s guzheng competition.
I went to all the performances you gave and love them all. That is why I want to join you. ! am
easygoing and hardworking person, and enjoy making happiness around me as well.
I am looking forward to hearing from you. Along with the application is the recommendation from the manager of my working department.
Sincerely yours
Li Yuan